Advancing Chinese modernization requires properly handling several major relationships 

Xi Jinping 

Advancing Chinese modernization is a systematic undertaking that requires overall coordination, systematic planning, and advancement, as well as the proper handling of a series of major relationships. Here, I will focus on six aspects.

First is the relationship between top-level design and practical exploration. The report to the 2th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) profoundly expounds the Chinese characteristics, essential requirements, and major principles of Chinese modernization, serving as the highest top-level design Chinese modernization. Chinese modernization is advanced in stages and across various fields, and achieving the development goals of each stage and implementing the development strategies of each field also requires top-level design. top-level design requires a profound insight into the general trend of world development, an accurate grasp of the common aspirations of the people, and an in-depth exploration of the laws of and social development, so that the formulated plans and policy systems reflect the times, grasp the laws, and are rich in creativity, achieving a combination of long-term and short-term goals vertical and horizontal integration, and coordinated content. At the same time, advancing Chinese modernization is an exploratory undertaking with many unknown areas, requiring us to boldly explore in practice and promote the cause reform and innovation, never sticking to outdated methods or waiting passively for success. All regions and departments should innovate based on their specific realities, especially in frontier practices and unknown areas, encouraging exploration and pioneering spirit to seek ideas and methods for effectively resolving new contradictions and problems, and striving to create fresh experiences that are replicable and promotable.

Second is the relationship between strategy and. Strategy and tactics are powerful weapons for our Party to lead the people in transforming the world, changing practice, and promoting historical development. Correctly applying strategy and tactics is the secret to our Party's creation of glorious history, achievement of great undertakings for generations to come, victory over various risks and challenges, and continuous progress from victory to victory. Advancing Chinese modernization requires us to inherit, apply and develop this secret of success well. We must enhance the foresight of strategy, accurately grasp the inevitable trends of development, keenly perceive the opportunities and challenges that may arise on the path forward, use scientific strategy to foresee and lead the future. We must enhance the comprehensiveness of strategy, ensuring that strategic goals, measures, and deployments are all focused on resolving major issues that affect the prosperity or decline and success or failure of the Party and the state, where a single move affects the whole. We must enhance the stability of strategy, ensuring that once a strategy is formed, it adhered to in the long term, implemented thoroughly, and successfully completed without arbitrary changes. To achieve this, we need to raise our political standing, establish a global vision, embrace thegreatest interests of the nation," connect history, reality, and the future, link China with the world, and enhance our strategic thinking capabilities, so that the strategies we formulate are realistic and effective, strong strategic support for Chinese modernization. Tactics provide scientific methods for the implementation of strategy. The environmental conditions for implementing strategy are constantly changing, and new situations and problems arise at every moment, requires us to organically combine the principle-based nature of strategy with the flexibility of tactics, being flexible, adaptable, and decisive in making timely decisions, and seizing strategic initiative by adapting to local, responding to trends, and following the natural course.

Third is the relationship between upholding principles and innovation. Upholding principles and pursuing innovation is an important ideological and methodological approach of our Party in the country in the new era. Only by upholding principles can we avoid losing our direction and making subversive mistakes; only through innovation can we grasp and lead the times. The exploration Chinese modernization is a historical process of developing through inheritance and innovating while upholding principles. On the new journey of advancing Chinese modernization, we must first firmly uphold the essence, source, root, soul of Chinese modernization, unswervingly adhere to its Chinese characteristics, essential requirements, and major principles, persist in the Party's basic theories, basic lines, and basic strategies, adhere the series of major guidelines and policies since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, and ensure the correct direction of Chinese modernization. At the same time, innovation must be placed a prominent position in the overall national development, adapt to the requirements of the times, focus on solving major theoretical and practical problems, actively recognize, respond to, and seek changes, vigorously promote innovation theory, practice, system, culture, and other aspects, continuously open up new fields and tracks for development, and shape new drivers and advantages for development. We should actively create a strong of respecting, encouraging, and daring to innovate, making innovation a widespread trend throughout society. Leading cadres at all levels must accelerate the transformation of their ideas, thinking patterns, behavioral modes, working methods that are incompatible with the requirements of innovative development, and truly become leaders and promoters of innovation.

Fourth is the relationship between efficiency and equity. Chinese modernization must create higher efficiency than capitalism while more effectively social equity, better achieving the coexistence, mutual promotion, and unity of efficiency and equity. We must uphold and improve the basic socialist economic system, unswervingly consolidate and develop public sector economy, unswervingly encourage, support, and guide the development of the non-public sector economy, fully play the decisive role of the market in resource allocation, better play the role of the government. We should build a unified national market, deepen market-oriented reforms of production factors, construct a high-standard market system, create a market-, law-based, and internationalized business environment, continuously optimize the allocation of production factors such as labor, capital, land, and resources, and strive to improve total factor. We must accelerate the establishment of a social equity guarantee system primarily centered on equity of rights, equity of opportunity, and equity of rules, ensuring the people's rights to equal and development. We should deeply advance judicial system reform, striving to let the people feel fairness and justice in every legal system, every law enforcement decision, and every judicial case. We break through institutional and mechanism barriers to class solidification and smooth social upward mobility. We should improve the basic public service system, enhance the level of public services, increase balance and accessibility, solidly promote more obvious and substantive progress in achieving common prosperity.

Fifth is the relationship between vitality and order. In the historical process of modernization, handling this relationship well is a global challenge. Chinese should and can achieve a dynamic balance of being active without disorder, and active yet orderly. It is necessary to deepen reforms of institutions and mechanisms in all aspects, fully unleash the creative of the whole society, and encourage talents from all walks of life, especially young talents such as scientists, entrepreneurs, and artists, to innovate and create. We should actively develop intraParty democracy, safeguard the rights of Party members, take effective measures to solve problems such as unwillingness, fear, or incompetence in taking responsibility, and fully mobilize the enthusiasm of the vast of Party members and cadres to work and innovate. We must strengthen the guidance of public opinion, form a correct orientation that labor creates wealth, practical work creates achievements, and struggle creates happiness prevent the growth and spread of unhealthy ideas such as despising labor, getting something for nothing, getting rich overnight, enjoying the fruits of others' labor, and passively lying flat, and stimulate the creative vitality of the whole society. We should coordinate development and security, implement the overall national security concept, improve the national security system, enhance the capacity to safeguard national security and firmly safeguard the security of the state power, the system, ideology, and key areas. We should improve the level of public security governance, improve the social governance system, and enhance effectiveness of social governance. We should develop whole-process people's democracy, correctly handle contradictions among the people under the new situation, strive to resolve contradictions and disputes at the grassroots and in their budding stages, and educate and guide the masses to express their interests and safeguard their legitimate rights and interests through rational and legal channels. We should strengthen the overall prevention control of social security, severely punish various illegal and criminal activities that are strongly reflected by the masses according to law, and ensure that the people live and work in peace and contentment.

Sixth is the relationship between self-reliance and opening up to the outside world. To advance Chinese modernization, we must adhere to independence autonomy, self-reliance and self-improvement, place the development of the country and the nation on the foundation of our own strength, and firmly grasp the destiny of our country' development and progress in our own hands. We must accelerate the building of a new development pattern, achieve internal circulation, and rely on the advantage of our country's ultra-large- market to attract global resources and factors, enhancing the linkage effect between the domestic and international markets and their respective resources. We must safeguard economic security, especially food security, energy security and the security of industrial and supply chains. We must improve the new-type whole-nation system, strengthen the national strategic scientific and technological force, take national strategic needs as the, concentrate our strength on original and pioneering scientific and technological breakthroughs, and resolutely win the battle of tackling key core technologies. We must continuously expand high-level opening up to the outside world, the quality and level of trade, investment, and cooperation, steadily expand institutional opening up in terms of rules, regulations, management, and standards, promote the high-quality development of building the "Belt and Road", optimize the regional opening-up layout, implement the strategy of upgrading free trade pilot zones, expand the network of high-standard free trade zones facing world, deeply participate in the global industrial division of labor and cooperation, safeguard a diverse and stable international economic pattern and economic and trade relations, and expand the development space of Chinese modernization.

This is part of the speech delivered by General Secretary Xi Jinping on February 7, 2023, at the seminar for newly elected members and alternate members of the Committee and principal leaders at the provincial and ministerial levels on studying and implementing Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and the spirit of the 20th National Congress of Communist Party of China.